1. Design the instruction system of the machine: specify the type of instruction, the number of instructions, and the format and function of each instruction;
2. Preliminary overall design: such as register setting, bus arrangement, arithmetic unit design, connection relationship between components, etc.;
3. Draw the instruction flow chart: mark out when each instruction, which component performs which operation;
4. Arrange the operation timetable: that is, divide each operation into micro-operations according to the instruction flow chart, and list the micro-operations that the machine should perform according to the time period;
5. List the micro-operation signal expression, simplify, and realize the circuit.